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eBook Description
This book is for energy auditors or retrofitters, whether they work in the weatherization program or in the private arena, and is intended to help them prepare for several certifications. These include programs with BPI, RESNET-HERS, US DOE and NREL. The material in this book contains industry procedures and techniques and is intended to be an educational resource. Topics covered include the house as a system, the auditor’s tools, weatherization, sealants, insulation and barriers, retrofitting, heating and cooling, baseload, and new construction. A number of additional appendices are included to provide the reader with valuable information in the performance of a residential energy audit.
Table of Contents
- Preface
- Acknowledgements
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- History of Energy Auditing and Retrofitting
- Mission of WAP
- Chapter 2 Eergy Basics
- The Concept of Energy
- The Thermodynamic Laws
- Relationship of Energy to Heat
- Temperature, Work, and Power
- Phase Change
- Heat Transfer
- Other Pertinent Energy Basics
- Heating System/Furnace Basics
- Cooling Units—The Air-Conditioning Process
- Insulation and R-Values
- Chapter 3 House As a System
- Whole House
- Components of the House
- The Effect of Air on the House System
- The Effect of Water on the House System
- Comfort and Climate
- Pollutants
- Whole House Fans
- Comfort, Safety, and Efficiency
- Chapter 4 The Auditor’s Tools and How to Use Them
- Typical Tools
- Blower Doors
- Minimum Ventilation Requirement (MVR)
- Home Setup and Preparation for Blower Door
- Measuring Exhaust Fan Flow
- Duct Tests
- Zone Pressure Diagnostics
- Advanced ZPD Tests that Estimate Leakage Flow and Hole Size
- Levels of and Standards for ZPD Testing
- Infrared Thermometers and Thermography
- Chapter 5 Weatherization Requirements and Similarities in the Private Arena
- Deferral of Services
- Acceptable Measures
- Savings to Investment Ratio in the Weatherization Program
- Payback of Retrofits in the Private Arena
- Authorization for Weatherization Work
- Repairs
- Health and Safety
- Priorities in the Private Arena
- Accepted Home Energy Designations
- Chapter 6 Sealants, Insulation and Barriers and How to Install Them
- Retrofit Materials
- Insulation
- Factors Affecting Thermal Performance of Insulation
- Radon
- Vapor Barriers
- Chapter 7 Auditing, Planning, and Retrofitting
- Work Flow Sequence
- Auditing and Retrofitting
- Exterior
- Evaluating Interiors
- Space Heaters
- Reducing Moisture in the Home
- Air Sealing
- Walls
- Attics
- Special Situations in Attics and Basements
- Attic Ventilation
- Enclosed and Covered Ceilings Below Roofs
- Roofs
- Floors
- Windows and Doors
- Furnace Ducts
- Other Special Issues in Air Leakage
- Basement and Crawl Spaces
- Special Topics
- Plumbing and Mechanical
- Strategies for Different Types of Homes
- Chapter 8 Work Order Development by the Auditor
- First Step in Work Order Development
- Second Step in Work Order Development
- Third Step in Work Order Development
- Chapter 9 Heating and Cooling
- Various Types of Heating Units
- Items Common to Both Oil- and Gas-Fired Units
- Distribution System and Controls
- Other Heating Units
- Steam Heating Systems
- Electric Resistance Heating
- Combustion Appliances—Background
- Inspection and Testing
- Conducting Worst-case Testing
- Unvented Appliances
- Testing Efficiency of Combustion Appliances
- Possible Repairs
- Cooling Measures
- Heat Pumps
- Evaporative Cooling or “Swamp” Cooler Systems
- Unit (Window) Air Conditioners
- Heat Gain in the Summer
- Sizing Air Conditioners
- Air Conditioner Efficiency Ratings
- Moisture Removal Capacity
- Heat Pump Efficiency Ratings
- Weatherization Recommendations
- Applying Shading
- Cooling System Cleaning
- Renewable Energy
- Chapter 10 Baseload and How to Improve It
- Modifications to Improve Baseload Measures
- Finding the Baseload
- Energy Usage Level of Appliances
- Refrigerators
- Dryer Vents
- Water Heating
- Lighting
- Other Baseload Issues
- Water Savings
- Chapter 11 New Construction Energy Evaluations
- Code
- RESNET Ratings
- Measuring and Sketching Building Dimensions
- Reading Building Plans
- Ethics and Disclosure
- Real Estate Financing
- Identification and Documentation of Features of the Rated Home
- Quality Assurance
- Cooling and Heating Design Tradeoffs
- Reference Home
- Projected and Confirmed Ratings
- Energy Code Compliance
- The Energy Star Program of the EPA
- Determining Building Orientation
- Passive House Program
- Chapter 12 Building Professional Training and Certification
- The Association of Energy Engineers
- AEE Certification
- Continuing Education Programs
- Appendix A Weatherization Standards
- Appendix B Math Basics
- Appendix C Conversion Tables/Charts
- Appendix D Ventilation Calculations
- Appendix E Using a Psychrometric Chart
- Appendix F Special Weatherization Calculations
- Appendix G R-Values and Benefits in Reality
- Intrusion and Wind Washing
- The Effect of Framing on R-Value
- The Effect of Windows and Doors
- Appendix H Insulation Versus Air Sealing
- Calculating Envelope Energy Loss
- Effects of a 7% Void in Insulation
- Appendix I Estimating Insulation Requirements
- In Attics
- In Walls
- Appendix J DOE Major U.S. Climate Zones and Climate Data for Select Cities
- Appendix K Meter Reading
- Appendix L Refrigerant Charge Testing
- Appendix M Certifications in the Home Energy Arena
- BPI, RESNET, and DOE/NREL
- Certifications (difficulty of achieving)
- Appendix N Energy Efficiency in ACs and Heat Pumps
- Appendix O Multi-point Blower Door Pressure Testing
- Appendix P Utility Bill Interpretation
- Appendix Q PHB Passive House
- Appendix R Zone Pressure Diagnostic (ZPD) Calculations
- Open-a-Door Tests
- Open-a-Door Chart
- Open-a-Hatch or Add-a-Hole Test
- Appendix S Safety Items on Combustion Appliances
- Glossary
- Index
Authors:
Stan Harbuck and Donna Harbuck
e-ISBN: 9788770223164